2012
Is hate speech/racist-xenophobic discourse a wider, more 'mainstream', phenomenon in the political sphere?
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Austria
Yes.
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Bulgaria
No.
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Cyprus
yes
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Denmark
Yes.
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Finland
Yes, many members of the mainstream political parties express views promoting tighter immigration policy.
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France
Yes, partly.
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Germany
No.
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Greece
Yes. It is considered to be one of the factors favouring the electoral rise of the neonazi Golden Dawn.
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Hungary
Yes
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Ireland
In some individual instances, there have been situations where individual politicians have expressed sentiments that can be identified as anti-migrant or anti-minority.
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Italy
Yes.
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Poland
No.
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Portugal
No, hate speech or racist discourse is not a wider phenomenon in the political sphere.
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Romania
Yes, it has increased in frequency in the past years especially in relation to the Roma minority. Those making the most debated statements come from mainstream parties, many times in highest-level positions. Romania continues to be a country where granting minority rights, especially if the Hungarian minority is the main beneficiary, stirs debates with nationalistic sentiments still being easy to re-kindle.
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Slovenia
Yes. It has been generated around adoption of legislation or actions related to status and rights of particular minority groups - communities of other nations of former Yugoslavia (including the erased residents), Roma, Muslims and GLBT. Most explicitly it has been expressed by smaller parliamentary party – the Slovenian National Party, but also occassionaly in more subtle way by right-center parties of major influence.
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Spain
No.
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Sweden
No.